Odisha's Coastline Increase: A New Maritime Era in 2023

Odisha's Coastline Expansion: A Significant Maritime Development

The Union Ministry of Home Affairs has officially revised the length of Odisha's coastline from 476.4 km to 574.7 km. This change is based on updated measurements that reflect a more accurate assessment of India's maritime parameters.

Reason for the Increase

The revision is driven by a new report that utilizes updated terms of reference (ToR) from the National Marine Science Committee (NMSC). These terms allow for more precise calculations of the coastline, incorporating advanced technologies and methodologies.

New Measurement Techniques

Updated measurement techniques include the use of satellite imagery, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and remote sensing. These tools enable a comprehensive assessment of the coastline, ensuring higher accuracy.

Inclusion of Previously Excluded Features

The new ToR has broadened the scope of measurement to include smaller coastal features, such as inlets, bays, and estuaries, which were previously overlooked. This inclusion is critical for a holistic understanding of the coastline's extent.

Dynamic Measurement Approach

Moreover, the ToR mandates regular updates to account for natural changes in the coastline, such as erosion and accretion. This dynamic measurement approach ensures that the data remains relevant and accurate over time.

Impact on Odisha's Economy

The extension of the coastline offers significant economic advantages. It strengthens Odisha's position as an attractive investment destination, particularly for port development and infrastructure projects.

Enhanced Maritime Economy

Odisha is actively promoting the development of two new ports and a coastal highway project aimed at improving connectivity and boosting its maritime economy. This strategic focus is expected to attract more investment and enhance overall economic growth.

Expert Opinions

Experts weigh in on the implications of the coastline extension. Pratap Kumar Mohanty, a marine science professor, notes that coastal erosion has contributed to the formation of additional bay areas, impacting the increased coastline length. Similarly, geography professor Manoranjan Mishra confirms that inlets, bays, and estuaries were not included in the previous 1970 Survey of India report.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1. Why was the coastline length revised?
Answer: The coastline length was revised due to the adoption of new measurement techniques and the inclusion of previously excluded coastal features like inlets, bays, and estuaries.

Q2. How was the new measurement conducted?
Answer: The new measurement utilized satellite imagery, GIS, and remote sensing for a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of Odisha's coastline.

Q3. What is the significance of this change for Odisha?
Answer: The extended coastline enhances Odisha's economic prospects, particularly in the maritime sector, and strengthens its position as an investment destination.

Q4. What are the next steps for Odisha?
Answer: Odisha plans to leverage the extended coastline by developing new ports and a coastal highway to boost connectivity and economic activity in the region.

Q5. How will the dynamic measurement approach benefit Odisha?
Answer: The dynamic measurement approach will allow for regular updates to the coastline data, ensuring it accurately reflects natural changes and aids in effective coastal management.

UPSC Practice MCQs

Question 1: What was the previous length of Odisha's coastline before the revision?
A) 476.4 km
B) 574.7 km
C) 500 km
D) 450 km
Correct Answer: A

Question 2: Which technology is NOT used in the new measurement of the coastline?
A) Satellite imagery
B) Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
C) Remote sensing
D) Traditional surveying methods
Correct Answer: D

Question 3: What is one of the economic benefits of the coastline extension for Odisha?
A) Increased tourism
B) Strengthened position for port development
C) Decreased investment opportunities
D) Reduced maritime activities
Correct Answer: B

Question 4: Which coastal features were included in the new assessment that were previously excluded?
A) Mountains
B) Inlets and bays
C) Deserts
D) Rivers
Correct Answer: B

Question 5: What does the dynamic measurement approach account for?
A) Only human-made changes
B) Natural changes like erosion and accretion
C) Geographic boundaries
D) Weather patterns
Correct Answer: B

Question 6: Who highlighted the role of coastal erosion in the increased coastline length?
A) Manoranjan Mishra
B) Pratap Kumar Mohanty
C) A government official
D) A geologist
Correct Answer: B

Question 7: What key project is Odisha promoting to enhance its maritime economy?
A) A new airport
B) A coastal highway
C) A train network
D) A renewable energy facility
Correct Answer: B