Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option d

Explanation
Statements 1 is correct. Overuse of antibiotics in agriculture contributes to the rise of antimicrobial resistance:
● The overuse and misuse of antibiotics in agriculture (including for growth promotion in livestock) can lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). When antibiotics are used excessively, bacteria can evolve resistance, which can then spread to humans through food, direct contact with animals, or contaminated environments.

Statement 2 is correct: AMR can spread through water, food, and direct human-to-human contact:
AMR can spread in several ways:
● Water: Contaminated water sources can harbor antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which may spread to humans.
● Food: Resistant bacteria can enter the food chain through the consumption of contaminated food, particularly meat and vegetables.
● Human-to-human contact: Direct transmission between individuals can spread resistant infections, especially in healthcare settings.

Statement 3 is correct: The "One Health" approach recognizes that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are interconnected. Tackling AMR requires a coordinated approach that addresses antibiotic use in human medicine, veterinary practices, and agriculture, as well as the environmental factors that contribute to resistance.