The Buddhist Councils were held under the patronage of which of the following dynasties?

Mauryan dynasty
Shishunaga dynasty
Kushana dynasty
Haryanka dynasty
Sunga dynasty
Nanda dynasty

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1, 3, 4 and 5 only
1, 2, 3 and 4 only
1, 3, 4 and 6 only
2, 3, 4 and 5 only

Question

The Buddhist Councils were held under the patronage of which of the following dynasties?

	Mauryan dynasty
	Shishunaga dynasty
	Kushana dynasty
	Haryanka dynasty
	Sunga dynasty
	Nanda dynasty

Select the correct answer using the code given below:


	1, 3, 4 and 5 only
	1, 2, 3 and 4 only
	1, 3, 4 and 6 only
	2, 3, 4 and 5 only

ONLiNE UPSC · Accepted Answer

Buddhist Councils were organized gatherings of monks to preserve, interpret, and standardize Buddhist teachings after the demise of Gautama Buddha. These councils played a crucial role in the codification of scriptures, addressing doctrinal disputes, and shaping the development of various Buddhist sects. Details of the Four Major Buddhist Councils

	
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		
			Council
			Time Period
			Patron & Dynasty
			Location
			Key Outcomes
		
		
			First Buddhist Council
			483 BCE (soon after Buddha&rsquo;s Mahaparinirvana)
			Ajatashatru (Haryanka dynasty)
			Rajagriha (Saptaparni Cave)
			Compilation of Vinaya Pitaka (monastic rules) and Sutta Pitaka (Buddha&rsquo;s teachings). Led by Mahakassapa.
		
		
			Second Buddhist Council
			383 BCE (100 years after Buddha&rsquo;s death)
			Kalashoka (Shishunaga dynasty)
			Vaishali
			Debate over monastic discipline (Vinaya rules). Led to a schism between Sthaviravadins (Theravada) and Mahasanghikas.
		
		
			Third Buddhist Council
			c. 250 BCE
			Emperor Ashoka (Maurya dynasty)
			Pataliputra
			Compilation of the Abhidhamma Pitaka (philosophical interpretations). Led by Moggaliputta Tissa. Buddhist missions sent abroad (e.g., to Sri Lanka by Mahinda, Ashoka&rsquo;s son).
		
		
			Fourth Buddhist Council
			c. 1st century CE
			Kanishka (Kushana dynasty)
			Kashmir
			Formal split between Hinayana & Mahayana Buddhism. Commentaries written in Sanskrit. Led by Vasumitra and Ashvaghosha.
		
	



Later Buddhist Councils were held under rulers like the Satavahanas and Guptas, focusing on the spread and interpretation of Buddhist texts.

Ancient Indian History

Buddhist Councils and Dynasties

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Council	Time Period	Patron & Dynasty	Location	Key Outcomes
First Buddhist Council	483 BCE (soon after Buddha’s Mahaparinirvana)	Ajatashatru (Haryanka dynasty)	Rajagriha (Saptaparni Cave)	Compilation of Vinaya Pitaka (monastic rules) and Sutta Pitaka (Buddha’s teachings). Led by Mahakassapa.
Second Buddhist Council	383 BCE (100 years after Buddha’s death)	Kalashoka (Shishunaga dynasty)	Vaishali	Debate over monastic discipline (Vinaya rules). Led to a schism between Sthaviravadins (Theravada) and Mahasanghikas.
Third Buddhist Council	c. 250 BCE	Emperor Ashoka (Maurya dynasty)	Pataliputra	Compilation of the Abhidhamma Pitaka (philosophical interpretations). Led by Moggaliputta Tissa. Buddhist missions sent abroad (e.g., to Sri Lanka by Mahinda, Ashoka’s son).
Fourth Buddhist Council	c. 1st century CE	Kanishka (Kushana dynasty)	Kashmir	Formal split between Hinayana & Mahayana Buddhism. Commentaries written in Sanskrit. Led by Vasumitra and Ashvaghosha.

Ancient Indian History

Buddhist Councils and Dynasties

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